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ProjectsOONI Coverage

OONI coverage in Japan

On this page
  1. Networks with the most users
  2. Networks without measurements
  3. Where measurements come from
  4. Daily measurements
  5. Users covered
  6. Messaging app tests
  7. Across regions
  8. Glossary
  9. How the numbers are calculated
  10. Help fill the gaps
  11. Reading the measurement data

OONI's censorship measurements come from volunteers running OONI Probe on their own connections. Within one region, each provider and network (ASN, autonomous system number) may block different sites, so when only one or two providers are measured, blocking on the others goes unrecorded. This page sets OONI's measurement counts against APNIC's estimates of how many users each network has, to show how many users the measurements cover, which networks they concentrate on, and which networks have none.

The page is regenerated every hour and OONI's measurements are read every six hours. Taiwan is shown by default, with other regions as reference points; switch between them with the region list below. The glossary at the end of the page explains the fields. Each quarter's changes are written up in the quarterly reports.

ChinaMyanmarCambodiaPakistanBangladeshTaiwan Users covered 88.6%Hong Kong Users covered 66.6%Macau Users covered 85.9%South Korea Users covered 94.5%Singapore Users covered 82.1%Vietnam Users covered 99.0%Thailand Users covered 97.5%Malaysia Users covered 96.5%Indonesia Users covered 80.6%Philippines Users covered 89.9%India Users covered 91.6%Japan Users covered 84.4%
Users covered<75%75–85%85–90%90–95%≥95%JapanReference (app table only)Select a region on the map to open its page. Reference regions appear only in the messaging app table, for contrast with their records of blocking.

Measurements up to 2026-10-19 UTC · user estimates from 2026-10-15

Networks measured 64 -4vs previous 30 days
Users covered 84.4% -0.3 ppvs previous 30 days
Measurements 337,814 -2,809vs previous 30 days
Top two networks 21.7% -15.9 ppvs previous 30 days

Cards show the last 30 days, and the small charts show each day over the last 60. One measurement is OONI Probe's result for one website or service, so a single run of the website test produces hundreds. Users covered is the share of the region's internet users on networks with measurements. A lower share for the top two networks means the measurements are more spread out. pp means percentage points, the difference between two percentages.

Networks with the most users

The ten networks with the most users by the estimates of APNIC, the registry that allocates IP addresses and ASNs in the Asia Pacific. Users is the network's share of the region's internet users, Measured is its share of the region's measurements over the last 30 days, and Days is how many of those days it had any. Names are copied from registry records; in Taiwan, for example, HINET is Chunghwa Telecom's fixed network and EMOME-NET its mobile network. Networks with many users and few measurements are where running OONI Probe helps most.

Networks with the most usersUsersMeasured
ASNNameUsersMeasuredDays
AS2516 AS2516KDDI - KDDI CORPORATION 19.9% 6.9% 27
AS17676 AS17676GIGAINFRA - SoftBank Corp. 17.8% 9.1% 29
AS4713 AS4713OCN - NTT DOCOMO BUSINESS,Inc. 11.2% 3.4% 27
AS9605 AS9605docomo - NTT DOCOMO, INC. 6.3% <0.1% 5
AS9824 AS9824JTCL-JP-AS - JCOM Co., Ltd. 4.7% 0.8% 15
AS17511 AS17511OPTAGE - OPTAGE Inc. 4.7% 8.6% 30
AS2518 AS2518BIGLOBE - BIGLOBE Inc. 4.2% 2.8% 25
AS2527 AS2527So-net - Sony Network Communications Inc. 3.8% 7.2% 29
AS18126 AS18126CTCX - Chubu Telecommunications Company, Inc. 2.7% 2.2% 15
AS138384 AS138384RMNI-AS-AP - Rakuten Mobile Network, Inc. 1.6% 0.2% 10

Networks without measurements

30 networks with at least 0.1% of users had no measurements in the last 30 days, about 11.2% of users in total.

ASNNameUsers
AS7679 AS7679QTNET - QTnet,Inc. 1.33%
AS10010 AS10010TOKAI - TOKAI Communications Corporation 1.29%
AS9617 AS9617ZAQ - JCOM Co., Ltd. 1.24%
AS18081 AS18081KCN - Kintetsu Cable Network Co., Ltd. 0.63%
AS4721 AS4721JCN - JCOM Co., Ltd. 0.59%
AS9354 AS9354TDNC - Community Network Center Inc. 0.54%
AS18144 AS18144AS-ENECOM - Enecom,Inc. 0.51%
AS2514 AS2514InfoSphere - NTT PC Communications, Inc. 0.50%

Where measurements come from

Each network's share of measurements over the last 30 days. When a few networks account for most of them, the rest can only be judged from scattered data.

Measurements by networkAS55392AS17676AS17511AS55391AS2527Others
  • AS55392MF-NATIVE6-W - INTERNET MULTIFEED CO.12.6%
  • AS17676GIGAINFRA - SoftBank Corp.9.1%
  • AS17511OPTAGE - OPTAGE Inc.8.6%
  • AS55391MF-NATIVE6-E - INTERNET MULTIFEED CO.8.5%
  • AS2527So-net - Sony Network Communications Inc.7.2%
  • Others53.9%

4 more networks are not in APNIC's user estimates and account for 1.4% of measurements; most are academic, hosting, or cloud networks.

Daily measurements

Measurements OONI Probe sends from this region each day, split by result. OK means the result matched the control. An anomaly means it did not, which can be blocking but also an unstable connection or a problem with the site itself. Confirmed blocking is an anomaly that matches a known blocking pattern, such as a redirect to a block page. Failure means the test did not complete, for example because the connection dropped midway.

Measurements per dayOKAnomalyConfirmedFailure
010k20k08/2109/2010/192026/08/21 OK 11,8642026/08/21 Anomaly 2912026/08/21 Confirmed 42026/08/21 Failure 5472026/08/22 OK 12,2822026/08/22 Anomaly 2872026/08/22 Confirmed 02026/08/22 Failure 7062026/08/23 OK 11,3642026/08/23 Anomaly 2662026/08/23 Confirmed 02026/08/23 Failure 4282026/08/24 OK 9,4432026/08/24 Anomaly 3282026/08/24 Confirmed 02026/08/24 Failure 4092026/08/25 OK 12,0202026/08/25 Anomaly 2342026/08/25 Confirmed 02026/08/25 Failure 5692026/08/26 OK 7,6642026/08/26 Anomaly 1852026/08/26 Confirmed 02026/08/26 Failure 6352026/08/27 OK 10,7832026/08/27 Anomaly 1422026/08/27 Confirmed 02026/08/27 Failure 2492026/08/28 OK 11,3292026/08/28 Anomaly 2362026/08/28 Confirmed 22026/08/28 Failure 5132026/08/29 OK 9,0432026/08/29 Anomaly 2342026/08/29 Confirmed 02026/08/29 Failure 8222026/08/30 OK 12,1022026/08/30 Anomaly 3282026/08/30 Confirmed 02026/08/30 Failure 6822026/08/31 OK 11,2132026/08/31 Anomaly 3072026/08/31 Confirmed 02026/08/31 Failure 7262026/09/01 OK 11,7552026/09/01 Anomaly 3152026/09/01 Confirmed 282026/09/01 Failure 4162026/09/02 OK 10,8432026/09/02 Anomaly 2472026/09/02 Confirmed 02026/09/02 Failure 3522026/09/03 OK 9,7692026/09/03 Anomaly 1942026/09/03 Confirmed 02026/09/03 Failure 1522026/09/04 OK 17,4722026/09/04 Anomaly 3892026/09/04 Confirmed 12026/09/04 Failure 3262026/09/05 OK 11,9972026/09/05 Anomaly 5122026/09/05 Confirmed 22026/09/05 Failure 5712026/09/06 OK 12,2442026/09/06 Anomaly 3552026/09/06 Confirmed 02026/09/06 Failure 4602026/09/07 OK 10,9532026/09/07 Anomaly 1302026/09/07 Confirmed 02026/09/07 Failure 2292026/09/08 OK 11,4472026/09/08 Anomaly 3322026/09/08 Confirmed 02026/09/08 Failure 3572026/09/09 OK 10,0252026/09/09 Anomaly 1392026/09/09 Confirmed 02026/09/09 Failure 2242026/09/10 OK 11,1982026/09/10 Anomaly 1372026/09/10 Confirmed 02026/09/10 Failure 1302026/09/11 OK 9,3962026/09/11 Anomaly 1282026/09/11 Confirmed 02026/09/11 Failure 1402026/09/12 OK 9,9662026/09/12 Anomaly 3532026/09/12 Confirmed 12026/09/12 Failure 4672026/09/13 OK 11,4102026/09/13 Anomaly 2652026/09/13 Confirmed 22026/09/13 Failure 4442026/09/14 OK 8,4992026/09/14 Anomaly 1622026/09/14 Confirmed 02026/09/14 Failure 1992026/09/15 OK 9,2162026/09/15 Anomaly 2602026/09/15 Confirmed 12026/09/15 Failure 3172026/09/16 OK 10,5022026/09/16 Anomaly 1632026/09/16 Confirmed 02026/09/16 Failure 3612026/09/17 OK 8,4062026/09/17 Anomaly 3362026/09/17 Confirmed 02026/09/17 Failure 4972026/09/18 OK 7,9682026/09/18 Anomaly 922026/09/18 Confirmed 02026/09/18 Failure 2472026/09/19 OK 8,2312026/09/19 Anomaly 1752026/09/19 Confirmed 02026/09/19 Failure 4812026/09/20 OK 11,4422026/09/20 Anomaly 1562026/09/20 Confirmed 02026/09/20 Failure 6212026/09/21 OK 8,6652026/09/21 Anomaly 1522026/09/21 Confirmed 02026/09/21 Failure 5532026/09/22 OK 10,0862026/09/22 Anomaly 1282026/09/22 Confirmed 02026/09/22 Failure 2972026/09/23 OK 11,4662026/09/23 Anomaly 2012026/09/23 Confirmed 02026/09/23 Failure 6632026/09/24 OK 10,9282026/09/24 Anomaly 1372026/09/24 Confirmed 02026/09/24 Failure 3492026/09/25 OK 14,5452026/09/25 Anomaly 2012026/09/25 Confirmed 02026/09/25 Failure 5642026/09/26 OK 11,3482026/09/26 Anomaly 2422026/09/26 Confirmed 02026/09/26 Failure 4232026/09/27 OK 8,9252026/09/27 Anomaly 1082026/09/27 Confirmed 02026/09/27 Failure 4582026/09/28 OK 12,9512026/09/28 Anomaly 1962026/09/28 Confirmed 02026/09/28 Failure 5182026/09/29 OK 8,6912026/09/29 Anomaly 1572026/09/29 Confirmed 02026/09/29 Failure 1,0842026/09/30 OK 13,3022026/09/30 Anomaly 2202026/09/30 Confirmed 02026/09/30 Failure 5462026/10/01 OK 10,2242026/10/01 Anomaly 2222026/10/01 Confirmed 32026/10/01 Failure 3552026/10/02 OK 7,3272026/10/02 Anomaly 752026/10/02 Confirmed 02026/10/02 Failure 3222026/10/03 OK 12,6122026/10/03 Anomaly 2312026/10/03 Confirmed 22026/10/03 Failure 7392026/10/04 OK 8,8882026/10/04 Anomaly 1412026/10/04 Confirmed 02026/10/04 Failure 4562026/10/05 OK 12,4042026/10/05 Anomaly 2322026/10/05 Confirmed 02026/10/05 Failure 7592026/10/06 OK 9,9132026/10/06 Anomaly 1662026/10/06 Confirmed 02026/10/06 Failure 6512026/10/07 OK 13,1122026/10/07 Anomaly 3192026/10/07 Confirmed 02026/10/07 Failure 6092026/10/08 OK 13,3732026/10/08 Anomaly 1772026/10/08 Confirmed 02026/10/08 Failure 9622026/10/09 OK 11,7282026/10/09 Anomaly 3272026/10/09 Confirmed 72026/10/09 Failure 7242026/10/10 OK 11,0912026/10/10 Anomaly 1482026/10/10 Confirmed 02026/10/10 Failure 6332026/10/11 OK 8,4922026/10/11 Anomaly 1292026/10/11 Confirmed 02026/10/11 Failure 5552026/10/12 OK 9,4412026/10/12 Anomaly 1672026/10/12 Confirmed 02026/10/12 Failure 8702026/10/13 OK 5,9732026/10/13 Anomaly 1152026/10/13 Confirmed 02026/10/13 Failure 3632026/10/14 OK 8,6552026/10/14 Anomaly 1662026/10/14 Confirmed 02026/10/14 Failure 4732026/10/15 OK 8,9052026/10/15 Anomaly 2602026/10/15 Confirmed 02026/10/15 Failure 5832026/10/16 OK 12,4992026/10/16 Anomaly 4082026/10/16 Confirmed 02026/10/16 Failure 7622026/10/17 OK 8,0802026/10/17 Anomaly 3232026/10/17 Confirmed 22026/10/17 Failure 6062026/10/18 OK 9,7382026/10/18 Anomaly 2332026/10/18 Confirmed 02026/10/18 Failure 6522026/10/19 OK 9,3692026/10/19 Anomaly 3222026/10/19 Confirmed 122026/10/19 Failure 406
Networks measured per day
012.52508/2109/2010/192026/08/21 Networks measured 192026/08/22 Networks measured 182026/08/23 Networks measured 202026/08/24 Networks measured 192026/08/25 Networks measured 222026/08/26 Networks measured 152026/08/27 Networks measured 152026/08/28 Networks measured 192026/08/29 Networks measured 222026/08/30 Networks measured 192026/08/31 Networks measured 202026/09/01 Networks measured 182026/09/02 Networks measured 242026/09/03 Networks measured 202026/09/04 Networks measured 242026/09/05 Networks measured 192026/09/06 Networks measured 212026/09/07 Networks measured 202026/09/08 Networks measured 172026/09/09 Networks measured 192026/09/10 Networks measured 192026/09/11 Networks measured 192026/09/12 Networks measured 172026/09/13 Networks measured 252026/09/14 Networks measured 192026/09/15 Networks measured 182026/09/16 Networks measured 182026/09/17 Networks measured 192026/09/18 Networks measured 192026/09/19 Networks measured 202026/09/20 Networks measured 162026/09/21 Networks measured 202026/09/22 Networks measured 212026/09/23 Networks measured 212026/09/24 Networks measured 222026/09/25 Networks measured 202026/09/26 Networks measured 212026/09/27 Networks measured 182026/09/28 Networks measured 222026/09/29 Networks measured 222026/09/30 Networks measured 242026/10/01 Networks measured 202026/10/02 Networks measured 232026/10/03 Networks measured 212026/10/04 Networks measured 202026/10/05 Networks measured 252026/10/06 Networks measured 222026/10/07 Networks measured 252026/10/08 Networks measured 252026/10/09 Networks measured 202026/10/10 Networks measured 182026/10/11 Networks measured 152026/10/12 Networks measured 192026/10/13 Networks measured 212026/10/14 Networks measured 212026/10/15 Networks measured 222026/10/16 Networks measured 252026/10/17 Networks measured 162026/10/18 Networks measured 192026/10/19 Networks measured 24

Users covered

The share of this region's internet users, by APNIC's estimates, on networks that had at least one measurement that day. One measurement is enough to count, so this is an upper bound rather than a sign that every network is measured enough.

Users covered (%)
05010008/2109/2010/192026/08/21 Users covered 64.72026/08/22 Users covered 62.12026/08/23 Users covered 60.62026/08/24 Users covered 68.32026/08/25 Users covered 62.42026/08/26 Users covered 48.42026/08/27 Users covered 62.12026/08/28 Users covered 53.02026/08/29 Users covered 63.62026/08/30 Users covered 65.62026/08/31 Users covered 65.72026/09/01 Users covered 60.42026/09/02 Users covered 75.42026/09/03 Users covered 61.92026/09/04 Users covered 68.22026/09/05 Users covered 50.52026/09/06 Users covered 76.62026/09/07 Users covered 67.32026/09/08 Users covered 64.92026/09/09 Users covered 62.12026/09/10 Users covered 64.02026/09/11 Users covered 62.52026/09/12 Users covered 43.22026/09/13 Users covered 67.92026/09/14 Users covered 59.82026/09/15 Users covered 54.52026/09/16 Users covered 44.32026/09/17 Users covered 61.92026/09/18 Users covered 67.82026/09/19 Users covered 65.72026/09/20 Users covered 64.72026/09/21 Users covered 65.82026/09/22 Users covered 68.12026/09/23 Users covered 53.92026/09/24 Users covered 73.42026/09/25 Users covered 67.72026/09/26 Users covered 69.82026/09/27 Users covered 64.32026/09/28 Users covered 70.02026/09/29 Users covered 64.52026/09/30 Users covered 74.62026/10/01 Users covered 69.52026/10/02 Users covered 76.42026/10/03 Users covered 74.32026/10/04 Users covered 71.82026/10/05 Users covered 71.92026/10/06 Users covered 73.22026/10/07 Users covered 70.12026/10/08 Users covered 73.22026/10/09 Users covered 72.52026/10/10 Users covered 71.62026/10/11 Users covered 46.72026/10/12 Users covered 45.12026/10/13 Users covered 71.32026/10/14 Users covered 78.42026/10/15 Users covered 49.72026/10/16 Users covered 68.62026/10/17 Users covered 34.02026/10/18 Users covered 63.52026/10/19 Users covered 61.1

Steady coverage

Coverage counts a network as soon as it has a single measurement, even if it was measured on only a day or two. Steady coverage counts only networks measured on at least 15 of the last 30 days. The wider the gap between the two, the more users sit on networks with only scattered measurements.

Users covered 84.4% Measured on at least one day
Users steadily covered 72.9% Measured on at least 15 days

Messaging app tests

OONI Probe tests whether the servers of Signal, WhatsApp and Telegram can be reached. An anomaly only means the result differed from what was expected, which an unstable connection can also cause. An anomaly rate close to 100% usually means the app is blocked there. Rates are left out when there were fewer than 30 measurements in the last 30 days.

Anomaly rate in Japan, last 30 days
  • Signal0.5%
  • WhatsApp0.7%
  • Telegram0.5%

Up to 3,266 measurements per app

Across regions

Users covered by networks measured in the last 30 days. Each small chart shows the daily coverage over the last 60 days on one shared scale, so the levels compare directly. Open a region for its full charts.

TaiwanTW 88.6% Hong KongHK 66.6% MacauMO 85.9% JapanJP 84.4% South KoreaKR 94.5% SingaporeSG 82.1% VietnamVN 99.0% ThailandTH 97.5% MalaysiaMY 96.5% IndonesiaID 80.6% PhilippinesPH 89.9% IndiaIN 91.6%

Small-chart scale: 0% to 100%.

RegionCoveredSteady
TaiwanTW 88.6% 54.1%
Hong KongHK 66.6% 31.2%
MacauMO 85.9% 0.0%
JapanJP 84.4% 72.9%
South KoreaKR 94.5% 81.8%
SingaporeSG 82.1% 35.2%
VietnamVN 99.0% 93.9%
ThailandTH 97.5% 48.9%
MalaysiaMY 96.5% 95.1%
IndonesiaID 80.6% 69.7%
PhilippinesPH 89.9% 86.9%
IndiaIN 91.6% 86.3%

Messaging app anomaly rates across regions

Anomaly rates over the last 30 days, with rates above half highlighted. The last rows are reference regions without their own pages, which have records of blocking to compare against.

RegionSignalWhatsAppTelegram
TaiwanTW 0.9%1.8%1.6%
Hong KongHK 1.0%0.7%0.5%
MacauMO –––
JapanJP 0.5%0.7%0.5%
South KoreaKR 0.2%2.7%2.4%
SingaporeSG 1.0%0.3%1.2%
VietnamVN 0.1%0.2%0.5%
ThailandTH 0.5%0.2%0.3%
MalaysiaMY <0.1%0.1%1.1%
IndonesiaID 3.0%0.5%0.7%
PhilippinesPH 0.2%0.1%2.6%
IndiaIN 1.9%0.4%1.7%
Reference regions
ChinaCN 98.6%98.2%99.1%
MyanmarMM 97.3%98.8%0.4%
CambodiaKH 29.6%35.4%2.4%
PakistanPK 97.2%0.6%99.4%
BangladeshBD 0.5%0.2%0.3%

Glossary

  • OONI Probe: an open-source app from OONI that tests from a phone or computer whether websites and services can be reached, with the results published in OONI's database
  • Measurement: one result of OONI Probe testing one website or service. A single run of the website test produces hundreds, so a high count does not mean many people ran tests
  • Autonomous system (ASN): a group of networks run by one organisation under one routing policy, such as a telecom, a university or a cloud provider, each with its own AS number. A telecom's fixed and mobile networks are often separate ASNs
  • Network names: copied from APNIC and RIPE NCC registry records and often abbreviated. In Taiwan, for example, HINET is Chunghwa Telecom's fixed network and EMOME-NET its mobile network
  • APNIC: the Asia Pacific Network Information Centre, which allocates IP addresses and ASNs in the region and estimates each network's users from sampled web ads
  • Users, Measured (%): Users is the network's share of the region's internet users, and Measured is its share of the region's measurements. The further apart the two are, the more the measurements are out of proportion to the users
  • Days: how many of the last 30 days had any measurements
  • Users covered: the share of the region's internet users on networks with measurements, where a single measurement is enough to count
  • Users steadily covered: counts only networks measured on at least 15 of the last 30 days
  • Top two networks: the share of measurements from the two most measured networks; lower means more spread out
  • pp (percentage points): the difference between two percentages. Coverage going from 94.6% to 93.9% is written as −0.7 pp
  • OK, anomaly, confirmed, failure: OK means the result matched the control. An anomaly means it did not, which can be blocking or an unstable connection. Confirmed blocking is an anomaly matching a known blocking pattern. A failure is a test that did not complete
  • Anomaly rate (messaging apps): the share of the app's measurements that were anomalies. Close to 100% usually means the app is blocked there
  • Reference region: a region without its own page, listed in a comparison table for contrast

How the numbers are calculated

  • Measurement counts come from OONI's aggregation API, across all tests, grouped by the day each measurement started (UTC)
  • Users per network are APNIC's estimates, derived from ad-based sampling and updated weekly
  • Network names come from the APNIC and RIPE NCC ASN name lists
  • A single measurement is enough for a network to count as measured; whether it is measured enough shows in its share of measurements and the number of days
  • Steady coverage counts only networks measured on at least 15 of the last 30 days
  • Messaging app results also come from the OONI aggregation API, counted by region; the reference regions at the end of the table have no pages of their own
  • Days without measurements are left as gaps in the charts rather than filled in

Help fill the gaps

  • Install OONI Probe and run tests on your own connection, on a phone or a computer. Mobile data and home broadband are usually different ASNs, so testing on both helps
  • The community's OONI Run link 10328 sets everything up in one tap; see the OONI Run v2 guide for the risks to consider before installing and what the list contains
  • Maintaining the OONI Test List: the list decides which websites get tested, and help with Taiwan's tw.csv is welcome
  • ASN Coverage: a command-line tool that downloads raw measurements and breaks them down by network type and blocking method

Reading the measurement data